Pneumonia

Infectious inflammation of the lungs, in which fluid accumulates in the alveoli; the eighth most common cause of death in the United States.Most of the more than 50 different varieties of pneumonia are viral or bacterial

Pulmonary embolism

Obstruction of the pulmonary artery or one of its branches by an embolus (most often a blood clot that has been carried from the lower limbs and through the right side of the heart into the pulmonary circulation). Symptoms are chest pain, productive bloody cough, tachycardia, and rapid, shallow breathing. Can cause sudden death unless treated quickly; usual treatment is oxygen by mask, pain relievers, and anticoagulant

Bronchoscopy

Use of a viewing tube inserted through the nose or mouth to examine the internal surface of the main bronchi in the lung. Forceps attached to the tip of the tube can remove trapped objects or take samples of mucus for examination.

Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

A dangerous lung condition that can develop after severe illness or injury to the
body. Neutrophils leave the body’s capillaries in large numbers
and then secrete chemicals that increase capillary permeability.
The capillary-rich lungs are heavily affected. As the lungs
fill with the fluids of edema, the patient suffocates. Even with
mechanical ventilation, ARDS is hard to control and often
lethal.